数据驱动编程思想

约 381 字大约 1 分钟

2026-08-03

数据驱动编程思想

1.表驱动方法

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// 传统方式 - 大量if-else
void handle_command_traditional(char* cmd) {
    if (strcmp(cmd, "start") == 0) {
        printf("Starting service...\n");
    } else if (strcmp(cmd, "stop") == 0) {
        printf("Stopping service...\n");
    } else if (strcmp(cmd, "restart") == 0) {
        printf("Restarting service...\n");
    } else if (strcmp(cmd, "status") == 0) {
        printf("Service status: running\n");
    } else {
        printf("Unknown command\n");
    }
}

// 数据驱动方式 - 函数指针表
typedef struct {
    char* command;
    void (*handler)(void);
} command_entry_t;

void start_handler() { printf("Starting service...\n"); }
void stop_handler() { printf("Stopping service...\n"); }
void restart_handler() { printf("Restarting service...\n"); }
void status_handler() { printf("Service status: running\n"); }

command_entry_t command_table[] = {
    {"start", start_handler},
    {"stop", stop_handler},
    {"restart", restart_handler},
    {"status", status_handler},
    {NULL, NULL}
};

void handle_command_driven(char* cmd) {
    for (int i = 0; command_table[i].command != NULL; i++) {
        if (strcmp(cmd, command_table[i].command) == 0) {
            command_table[i].handler();
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("Unknown command\n");
}

2.配置驱动的状态机

#include <stdio.h>

typedef enum {
    STATE_IDLE,
    STATE_RUNNING,
    STATE_PAUSED,
    STATE_STOPPED
} state_t;

typedef enum {
    EVENT_START,
    EVENT_PAUSE,
    EVENT_RESUME,
    EVENT_STOP
} event_t;

// 状态转换表
int state_transition[4][4] = {
    // START    PAUSE    RESUME   STOP
    {STATE_RUNNING, -1, -1, STATE_STOPPED},  // IDLE
    {-1, STATE_PAUSED, -1, STATE_STOPPED},   // RUNNING
    {-1, -1, STATE_RUNNING, STATE_STOPPED},  // PAUSED
    {STATE_RUNNING, -1, -1, -1}              // STOPPED
};

state_t current_state = STATE_IDLE;

void process_event(event_t event) {
    int next_state = state_transition[current_state][event];
    if (next_state != -1) {
        printf("State changed from %d to %d\n", current_state, next_state);
        current_state = next_state;
    } else {
        printf("Invalid transition\n");
    }
}

3.数据驱动的计算器

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

typedef struct {
    char operator;
    double (*operation)(double, double);
} operation_t;

double add(double a, double b) { return a + b; }
double subtract(double a, double b) { return a - b; }
double multiply(double a, double b) { return a * b; }
double divide(double a, double b) { 
    return b != 0 ? a / b : 0; 
}

operation_t operations[] = {
    {'+', add},
    {'-', subtract},
    {'*', multiply},
    {'/', divide},
    {'\0', NULL}
};

double calculate(double a, double b, char op) {
    for (int i = 0; operations[i].operator != '\0'; i++) {
        if (operations[i].operator == op) {
            return operations[i].operation(a, b);
        }
    }
    printf("Unknown operator\n");
    return 0;
}